Voiceless bilabial nasal

The voiceless bilabial nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨m̥⟩, a combination of the letter for the voiced bilabial nasal and a diacritic indicating voicelessness. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is m_0.

Features[edit | edit source]

Features of the voiceless bilabial nasal:

Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Burmese^[1]		မှာ	[m̥à]	'notice'
Central Alaskan Yup'ik^[2]		pisteḿun	[ˈpistəm̥un]	'to the servant'
Estonian^[3]		lehm	[ˈlehm̥]	'cow'	Word-final allophone of /m/ after /t, s, h/.^[3] See Estonian phonology
French		prisme	[pχis̪m̥]	'prism'	Allophone of /m/. See French phonology
Hmong		Hmoob	[m̥ɔ̃ŋ]	'Hmong'
Icelandic		hampur	[ˈham̥pʏr]	'hemp'	See Icelandic phonology
Jalapa Mazatec^[4]		hma	[m̥a]	'black'	Contrasts with a voiced and a laryngealized bilabial nasal.
Kildin Sami^[5]		лēӎӎьк	[lʲeːm̥ʲːk]	'strap'
Muscogee		camhcá:ka	[t͡ʃəm̥t͡ʃɑːɡə]	'bell'
Ukrainian^[6]		ритм	[rɪt̪m̥]	'rhythm'	Word-final allophone of /m/ after voiceless consonants.^[6] See Ukrainian phonology
Washo		Mášdɨmmi	[ˈm̥aʃdɨmmi]	'he's hiding'
Welsh^[7]		fy mhen	[və m̥ɛn]	'my head'	Occurs as the nasal mutation of /p/. See Welsh phonology
Xumi	Lower^[8]	[^Hm̥ɛ̃]		'medicine'	Contrasts with the voiced /m/.^[8]^[9]
Xumi	Upper^[9]	[^Hm̥ɛ̃]		'medicine'	Contrasts with the voiced /m/.^[8]^[9]

Asu, Eva Liina; Teras, Pire (2009), "Estonian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 39 (3): 367–372, doi:10.1017/s002510030999017x
Chirkova, Katia; Chen, Yiya (2013), "Xumi, Part 1: Lower Xumi, the Variety of the Lower and Middle Reaches of the Shuiluo River" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (3): 363–379, doi:10.1017/S0025100313000157 ^{[permanent dead link]}
Chirkova, Katia; Chen, Yiya; Kocjančič Antolík, Tanja (2013), "Xumi, Part 2: Upper Xumi, the Variety of the Upper Reaches of the Shuiluo River" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (3): 381–396, doi:10.1017/S0025100313000169 ^{[permanent dead link]}
Danyenko, Andrii; Vakulenko, Serhii (1995), Ukrainian, Lincom Europa, ISBN 9783929075083
Jacobson, Steven (1995), A Practical Grammar of the Central Alaskan Yup'ik Eskimo Language, Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center, ISBN 978-1-55500-050-9
Jones, Glyn E. (1984), "The distinctive vowels and consonants of Welsh", in Martin J. Ball and Glyn E. Jones, Welsh Phonology: Selected Readings, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, pp. 40–64, ISBN 0-7083-0861-9
Kuruch, Rimma (1985), Краткий грамматический очерк саамского языка (PDF) (in Russian), Moscow
Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996), The Sounds of the World's Languages, Oxford: Blackwell, ISBN 0-631-19815-6

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